The N’Djamena symposium in the Republic of Chad (May 2013) and the Nouakchott declaration in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (October 2013) have given renewed interest to the livestock sector in view of its significant contribution to people’s incomes and food security. The PREDIP (Projet régional de dialogue et d’investissement pour le pastoralisme et la transhumance transfrontalière au Sahel et dans les pays côtiers de l’Afrique de l’Ouest - Regional Dialogue and Investment Project on Pastoralism and Transhumance in the Sahel and Coastal West Africa (PREDIP), along with several other regional initiatives (PRAPS, PEPISAO, etc.) was then implemented to promote and enhance mobile livestock farming. Implemented between 2018 and 2024, PREDIP covered eight (08) countries, including five (05) coastal countries (Benin, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Nigeria, and Togo) and three (03) Sahelian countries (Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger), with the main approach being to target cross-border areas between the south of Sahelian countries and the north of coastal countries. These areas, which are known to have a high concentration of animals, are also known to be conflict-ridden due to the exploitation of pastoral resources shared between users. Over the five (05) years of its implementation, PREDIP has provided innovative solutions to the unique challenges of managing pastoral resources, transhumance and interactions between pastoralists and farmers in Sahelian and coastal areas. Whether in terms of improving information systems, sector governance, setting up agro-pastoral infrastructure and facilities or promoting animal health, PREDIP has made significant gains and learnt from its practices. This summary note presents the Project’s main milestones, its achievements, its positive impact, as well as the innovations and best practices that have emerged from its implementation. In view of the challenges that have been met and the results that have been achieved, this brochure also bears witness to the unwavering commitment of all those involved in the successes achieved by PREDIP.

Adoption of a governance structure and work programme PRESENTATION OF FUTURE STEPS

A generally wet 2024 rainy season is expected over the Sahelian strip, with late to average onset dates in the Central Sahel and early to average in the Western and Eastern Sahel, late to average cessationdates, short dry spells at the beginning of the season in the Western Sahel and average to long dry spells in the Eastern Sahel and overall long towards the end of the season across the entire strip Sahelian region, and overall above-average flows in the main river basins of the Sahel.

La fonction et la structure des écosystèmes forestiers sont en partie déterminées par les conditions climatiques environnantes. La distribution des précipitations et la moyenne des températures définissent le type d'écosystème forestier d’un milieu. Par conséquent, les changements climatiques influencent les forêts et partant entraîne des changements dans la production de produits et services importants pour la société. Cet article présente une brève introduction à ce sujet

Pastoralism and transhumance are livestock production practices in Africa in general and West Africa in particular. Moreover, continental, sub-regional and national organisations consider that pastoralism is useful for preserving and increasing livestock production. On the whole, this practice is faced with various difficulties, notably clashes between the different users of natural resources. In order to maintain social peace, which contributes to the promotion of regional development and integration, continental, supranational and national bodies have enacted legal texts and policy guidelines to enable pastoralists to carry out their activities in peace alongside the other economic actors. As a reminder, it can be noted that "a regulation is a legal concept that covers a set of legal instruments in the form of laws, decisions, rules and regulations, and other legal texts that frame a social and economic activity, etc. It is, in fact, about subjecting an activity to regulations”. Regulations govern activities related to the movement of people and their economic activities. To this end, the African Union, ECOWAS, UEMOA, States and communities, through legislative and regulatory measures, have laid down strong legal and institutional foundations to facilitate the movement of animals in their sub-regional and national areas. Between 1998 and 2004, ECOWAS, UEMOA and other partners adopted several legal texts and policy documents to regulate cross-border transhumance and reduce conflicts between farmers and herders, and then to protect public health, in the light of the global health environment (resurgence of animal diseases transmissible to humans). In order to control transhumance and reduce conflicts between herders and farmers, the States have adopted, since independence, laws that have been adapted to regional regulations. Despite this body of legislation, conflicts remain and the management of transhumance is still a major concern in the States and at the cross-border level. In order to contribute to better application of the regulations, the Integrated and Secure Livestock Farming and Pastoralism Project (PEPISAO), financed by the Agence française de développement (French Development Agency) (AFD) and coordinated by ECOWAS, which has delegated the implementation of Components 1 and 2 to CILSS, is working to promote the most relevant texts and also to facilitate their accessibility. The elaboration of the information directory of regulations required a process that helped to identify regulations relating to the prevention and management of pastoral conflicts with regard to the measures to be taken before going for, during and after transhumance, procedures for settling cases of field damage, natural resource management, access to resources, etc. The main regional and national texts have been compiled to extract relevant information to facilitate accessibility, better understanding and application by field actors

For a holistic governance of the management of disaster risks caused by extreme climatic events in West Africa in the Sahel

The "Integrated and Secure Livestock Production and Pastoralism in West Africa" (PEPISAO) project is implemented by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), as Project Manager, and CILSS, as Delegated Project Manager, with the financial support of the Agence française de Développement (French Development Agency) (AFD) and the technical assistance of the IRAM/ISSALA/ LARES consortium. With a duration of four years (2018-2022) and an amount of five (5) million Euros, the project covers the ECOWAS zone plus Chad and Mauritania. It has been extended at no additional cost to 31 December 2023. The project has been implemented since 2019 in a regional context marked by: (i) the deterioration of the pastoral, food and nutritional situation, (ii) the resurgence of insecurity of goods and people; (iii) the prevalence of the COVID 19 pandemic, on the one hand, and by (v) a significant increase in the number of regional projects dealing with pastoralism and (vi) a relative deterioration in the governance of cross-border transhumance, on the other hand. However, the stakeholders were able to overcome the effects of these factors through their commitment, and the project has achieved a lot. This report capitalises on the major achievements and results of four years of implementation.

The 2024 Edition of the PRESASS was organized from April 22 to 26, 2024 in Abuja, Nigeria, by AGRHYMET Regional Climate Center for West Africa and the Sahem (AGRHYMET RCC-WAS) of the CILSS, in collaboration with ACMAD, the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs), WMO and the West African River Basin Organizations. .......Generally a wet rainy season is expected in 2024 over the Sahelian belt, with late to normal starting dates of the agricultural season in the Sahel-Central and early to normal s in the Sahel-West and East; late to normal ending dates of the agricultural season; short dry spells at the beginning of the season in the Sahel-West and medium to long dry spells in the Sahel-East and generally long dry spells towards the end of the season over the entire Sahelian belt; and above-average runoff in the main Sahelian river basins.......

The Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) and the Cadre Harmonisé (CH) provide decision-makers with a rigorous, evidence- and consensus-based analysis of food insecurity and acute malnutrition situations. The IPC/CH classification system enables relevant actors and stakeholders to determine and classify the severity and magnitude of acute and chronic food insecurity and acute malnutrition situations in a country, according to internationally recognised scientific standards. The IPC/CH estimates of the number of food insecure and malnourished people indicate where and how many people fall in different phases of food insecurity or malnutrition by geographical areas. Several recommendations have made in recent years for the IPC/CH to provide a more nuanced narrative on who is food insecure and / or malnourished, why, where, and for how long. The IPC Global Strategic Programme (2023-2026) emphasised the need for providing “disaggregated analysis by gender and other inter-sectional determinants of vulnerability” in IPC analysis (GSP 2022, page 30); more recently the TAG meeting in Rome (16-17 February 2023) confirmed the need for conducting disaggregated IPC analysis; and similar requests were made by the CH countries in April 2018, when disaggregated gender analysis was requested. Despite these recommendations, IPC users’ views diverge on whether IPC should engage in disaggregated analysis and on the type of disaggregated analysis that would add value in different contexts. As noted by the Final Evaluation of the IPC Global Strategic Programme (2019-2022), “While some users and GSC members highlight a need for more disaggregated and gender-sensitive analysis, a significant number of respondents including GSC members also questioned the role of the IPC and the added value of more disaggregated analysis.”2 Proponents of disaggregated analysis often emphasise the humanitarian sector’s needs for disaggregated analysis, while critics question the role and added value of the IPC in providing more disaggregated population estimates, arguing that disaggregated analysis is “not the IPC’s role”, rather a process that should be carried out during the design phase of programmes. This study was conducted by the IPC in collaboration with CH. The purpose of the study is to investigate in detail whether there is a need for disaggregated analysis among different levels of decision makers and to explore the modalities of implementation that would inform decision making processes most effectively.