Contenus

• 

  CCNUCC Seconde communication nationale de Côte d'Ivoire

  Geographic setting: Côte d’Ivoire is a West African country located in the inter-tropical area at the Gulf of Guinea border. The territory is located between 4°30 and 10°30 Northern latitude and between 2°30 and 8°30 Western longitude. Its area is 322,462 km2. The country borders the Atlantic Ocean to the South, Ghana to the East, Burkina Faso and Mali to the North, Guinea and Liberia to the West. Climate: the country has two types of climate: the monsoon, an equatorial humid air mass and the harmattan, a tropical dry air mass with a desiccating wind. There are thus, according to the latitude, four main climate areas: the mountain climate, the Attiean, Baulean and Sudanoguinean climates. The mountain climate is made up of two seasons in the western part of the country where the temperature gets lower with the altitude (til 8°C in January) and with increasing rainfall. The Baulean climate is located in the center of the country and has a first rainy season starting from March to June, with a lowering of the rainfall in July-August, and a second rainy season in September, and a very dry season from November to February. Finally, the Sudano-guinean climate is located in the northern part of the country which is typically tropical with a dry season from June to October with heavy rainfall but low humidity. Vegetation: the various climate areas, the peculiarity of the relief and ancient human influences determine several vegetation types. However, there are two salient characteristics: the forest in the southern half of the country and the savanna in the northern half. Population: according to the general census of the population and habitat of 1998, the population of the country was 15,336,672 inhabitants. In 1988, it was estimated to be 10,815,694 inhabitants, which corresponds to a population increase rate of 3.3& over the 19881998 periods. In 2005, the estimated number was 19,800,000 inhabitants. Socio-economic situation: after a period of strong economic growth, 1995-1998, and an average annual growth rate of 5&, Côte d’Ivoire has experienced a period of economic recession since 1999, which was exacerbated by a political and military crisis in September 2002. At the macroeconomic level, the growth rate of the GDP that was 5.7& in 1998 fell to 1.6& in 1999, then to -2.3& in 2000. The economic recovery began in 2001 (+0.33& growth rate of the GDP) and is attributable to the cocoa boom which was blocked since the events of September 19 the same year (-1.6& growth rate for 2002). Today, the major challenge that can have negative impacts on the development potentials of the country is undoubtedly the excessive human exploitation and weakening of the natural environment in relation with climate change. Côte d’Ivoire has ratified many international conventions and has initiated various actions relating to the protection of the environment. These are, among others:  The National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP)  Creation of several agencies and technical services for the protection of the environment (ANDE and CIAPOL)  National Development Strategy based on the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals